There are multiple ways to upload a file using React. I’m going to explain the steps to upload a single file, multiple files, and files and data in React.
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In this chapter, we are going to create an S3 bucket which will be used to store user uploaded files from our notes app. First, log in to your AWS Console and select S3 from the list of services. Select Create bucket. Pick a name of the bucket and select a region. Then select Create. Jan 14, 2020 Working with folders by using REST. You can retrieve a folder inside a document library when you know its URL. For example, you can retrieve the root folder of your Shared Documents library by using the endpoint in the following example. You can learn how to create a file dropzone component with react in this article. Just as described in the article, our dropzone will be placed inside a directory called 'dropzone' under the src-directory. So if you created your dropzone component following that article, you can just copy and paste that folder into this project. Summary: @ public This diff implements inline image support for nodes. Images are specified using tags, however all properties of the image are currently ignored apart from the source (including width/height styles). Everything about users stay in the corresponding users folder. Each folder below is well structured without any confusion. Thus, one can easily understand which files to edit when implementing a new feature. This helps a lot on dividing the task between individual teams. A team can work with users folder while the other one with groups.
We’re going to cover every scenario you might come across to upload a file from inside of a React component. These are:
How to Upload a File in React
We’ll start with the easiest and most common scenario, which is how to upload a single file to a server from a React component.
If you want to learn how to create a drag-and-drop file upload component in React, check out React Dropzone and File Upload in React.
Any type of file upload in React, or any front-end JavaScript library for that matter, requires an HTTP library to send the file data to a server.
I’m using the Fetch HTTP library in the following examples, but you can easily adapt them to work with other HTTP libraries like Axios or SuperAgent.
The example above uses a function, uploadFile, which takes a file object and passes that object to a POST request.
There are two things you need to remember when POSTing a file object:
- Never set the Context-Type Header.
- Pass the whole file object (Blob) to the body of the request.
Content-Type and Uploading a File
If you’ve made API requests in the past, then you probably used ‘application/
You do not need to set the content-type header when sending a file in a POST request.
File objects (Blobs) are not JSON, and therefore using an incorrect content-type will cause the request to fail. Web browsers automatically set the content-type header when sending a file in a POST request.
How to Upload Multiple Files in React using FormData
When we need to upload multiple files using Fetch, we have to use a new type of object called FormData.
FormData allows us to append multiple key/value pairs onto the object. After we’re done appending, we then pass it to the POST request’s body.
Let’s see an example of this below:
How to Upload Multiple Files and Other Data in React
There may be times when you need to send files and other data in a POST request. This can sometimes be referred to as multipart data.
For example, you may have a form which asks for a user’s first and last name, as well as a profile picture for their account avatar.
In this case, you’d want to use FormData again to send the file as well as the first name and last name. Let’s see how we’d use FormData to help us send all of this data together:
We’re simply using the formData.append method to create another key named ‘user’, and then passing the user object into the value of that key.
React is a popular JavaScript library developed by Facebook for building web application user interfaces. The Visual Studio Code editor supports React.js IntelliSense and code navigation out of the box.
Welcome to React
We'll be using the create-react-appgenerator for this tutorial. To use the generator as well as run the React application server, you'll need Node.js JavaScript runtime and npm (Node.js package manager) installed. npm is included with Node.js which you can download and install from Node.js downloads.
Tip: To test that you have Node.js and npm correctly installed on your machine, you can type node --version and npm --version in a terminal or command prompt.
You can now create a new React application by typing:
where my-app is the name of the folder for your application. This may take a few minutes to create the React application and install its dependencies.
Note: If you've previously installed create-react-app globally via npm install -g create-react-app, we recommend you uninstall the package using npm uninstall -g create-react-app to ensure that npx always uses the latest version.
Let's quickly run our React application by navigating to the new folder and typing npm start to start the web server and open the application in a browser:
You should see the React logo and a link to 'Learn React' on http://localhost:3000 in your browser. We'll leave the web server running while we look at the application with VS Code.
To open your React application in VS Code, open another terminal or command prompt window, navigate to the my-app folder and type code .:
Markdown preview
In the File Explorer, one file you'll see is the application README.md Markdown file. This has lots of great information about the application and React in general. A nice way to review the README is by using the VS Code Markdown Preview. You can open the preview in either the current editor group (Markdown: Open Preview⇧⌘V (Windows, Linux Ctrl+Shift+V)) or in a new editor group to the side (Markdown: Open Preview to the Side⌘K V (Windows, Linux Ctrl+K V)). You'll get nice formatting, hyperlink navigation to headers, and syntax highlighting in code blocks.
Syntax highlighting and bracket matching
Now expand the src folder and select the index.js file. You'll notice that VS Code has syntax highlighting for the various source code elements and, if you put the cursor on a parenthesis, the matching bracket is also selected.
IntelliSense
As you start typing in index.js, you'll see smart suggestions or completions.
After you select a suggestion and type ., you see the types and methods on the object through IntelliSense.
VS Code uses the TypeScript language service for its JavaScript code intelligence and it has a feature called Automatic Type Acquisition (ATA). ATA pulls down the npm Type Declaration files (*.d.ts) for the npm modules referenced in the package.json.
If you select a method, you'll also get parameter help:
Go to Definition, Peek definition
Through the TypeScript language service, VS Code can also provide type definition information in the editor through Go to Definition (F12) or Peek Definition (⌥F12 (Windows Alt+F12, Linux Ctrl+Shift+F10)). Put the cursor over the App, right click and select Peek Definition. A Peek window will open showing the App definition from App.js.
Press Escape to close the Peek window.
Hello World!
Let's update the sample application to 'Hello World!'. Add the link to declare a new H1 header and replace the <App /> tag in ReactDOM.render with element.
Once you save the index.js file, the running instance of the server will update the web page and you'll see 'Hello World!'.
Tip: VS Code supports Auto Save, which by default saves your files after a delay. Check the Auto Save option in the File menu to turn on Auto Save or directly configure the files.autoSave user setting.
Debugging React
To debug the client side React code, we'll need to install the Debugger for Chrome extension.
Note: This tutorial assumes you have the Chrome browser installed. There are also debugger extensions for the Edge and Firefox browsers.
Open the Extensions view (⇧⌘X (Windows, Linux Ctrl+Shift+X)) and type 'chrome' in the search box. You'll see several extensions which reference Chrome.
Press the Install button for Debugger for Chrome.
Set a breakpoint
To set a breakpoint in index.js, click on the gutter to the left of the line numbers. This will set a breakpoint which will be visible as a red circle.
Configure the Chrome debugger
We need to initially configure the debugger. To do so, go to the Run view (⇧⌘D (Windows, Linux Ctrl+Shift+D)) and click create a launch.json file to customize Run and Debug. Choose Chrome from the Select Environment drop-down list. This will create a launch.json file in a new .vscode folder in your project which includes a configuration to launch the website.
We need to make one change for our example: change the port of the url from 8080 to 3000. Your launch.json should look like this:
Ensure that your development server is running (npm start). Then press F5 or the green arrow to launch the debugger and open a new browser instance. The source code where the breakpoint is set runs on startup before the debugger was attached, so we won't hit the breakpoint until we refresh the web page. Refresh the page and you should hit your breakpoint.
You can step through your source code (F10), inspect variables such as element, and see the call stack of the client side React application.
The Debugger for Chrome extension README has lots of information on other configurations, working with sourcemaps, and troubleshooting. You can review it directly within VS Code from the Extensions view by clicking on the extension item and opening the Details view.
Live editing and debugging
If you are using webpack together with your React app, you can have a more efficient workflow by taking advantage of webpack's HMR mechanism which enables you to have live editing and debugging directly from VS Code. You can learn more in this Live edit and debug your React apps directly from VS Code blog post and the webpack Hot Module Replacement documentation.
Linting
Linters analyze your source code and can warn you about potential problems before you run your application. The JavaScript language services included with VS Code has syntax error checking support by default, which you can see in action in the Problems panel (View > Problems⇧⌘M (Windows, Linux Ctrl+Shift+M)).
Try making a small error in your React source code and you'll see a red squiggle and an error in the Problems panel.
Linters can provide more sophisticated analysis, enforcing coding conventions and detecting anti-patterns. A popular JavaScript linter is ESLint. ESLint, when combined with the ESLint VS Code extension, provides a great in-product linting experience.
First, install the ESLint command-line tool:
Then install the ESLint extension by going to the Extensions view and typing 'eslint'.
Once the ESLint extension is installed and VS Code reloaded, you'll want to create an ESLint configuration file, .eslintrc.js. You can create one using the extension's ESLint: Create ESLint configuration command from the Command Palette (⇧⌘P (Windows, Linux Ctrl+Shift+P)).
The command will prompt you to answer a series of questions in the Terminal panel. Take the defaults, and it will create a .eslintrc.js file in your project root that looks something like this:
ESLint will now analyze open files and shows a warning in index.js about 'App' being defined but never used.
You can modify the ESLint rules in the .eslintrc.js file.
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Let's add an error rule for extra semi-colons:
Now when you mistakenly have multiple semicolons on a line, you'll see an error (red squiggle) in the editor and error entry in the Problems panel.
Popular Starter Kits
In this tutorial, we used the create-react-app generator to create a simple React application. There are lots of great samples and starter kits available to help build your first React application.
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VS Code React Sample
This is a sample React application used for a demo at the 2016 //Build conference. The sample creates a simple TODO application and includes the source code for a Node.js Express server. It also shows how to use the Babel ES6 transpiler and then use webpack to bundle the site assets.
TypeScript React
If you're curious about TypeScript and React, you can also create a TypeScript version of the create-react-app application. See the details at TypeScript-React-Starter on the TypeScript Quick Start site.
Angular
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Angular is another popular web framework. If you'd like to see an example of Angular working with VS Code, check out the Chrome Debugging with Angular CLI recipe. It will walk you through creating an Angular application and configuring the launch.json file for the Debugger for Chrome extension.
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Common questions
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Can I get IntelliSense within declarative JSX?
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Yes. For example, if you open the create-react-app project's App.js file, you can see IntelliSense within the React JSX in the render() method.