- Fallout 4 Radiation Damage
- Fallout 4 Remove Rads
- Fallout 4 Remove Radiation Console
- How Long Does Nuclear Radiation Last
- Fallout 4 Rads
Ionizing radiation is any form of electromagnetic radiation that can detach electrons from atoms or molecules, ionizing them. Radiation is made up of energetic subatomic particles, atoms moving at high speeds, and electromagnetic waves on the higher spectrum of energy. Due to its nature, radiation cannot be detected by human sense, requiring special instrumentation, and is used in a variety of applications both civilian and military. However, exposure to ionizing radiation results in damage to living tissue or hazardous mutations.
New to the fallout series with fallout 4 so i apologize if this is a dumb question. So Ive tried radaway and doctor and my radiation sickness wont go away. I travel to a new settlement (all radiation free zones) and it goes away, but as soon as I get into or out of a power armor, the radiation sickness comes back. The main means of removing Radiation is RadAway, which will take off 300. More with the Medic Perk, which takes off -400, -600, -800 and then 100% of Radiation per. Fallout cheats is an updated list of all Fallout 4 console commands for PC and Mac (Steam). Cheats in this list include those for all DLCs: Nuka-World, Automatron, Far Harbor. Type the name of a command into the search box to instantly filter 134 commands. Hover over a command in the table to view argument help.
- For the real-world effects and nature of ionizing radiation, see Wikipedia. The series relies on retro-50s science, and as such, radiation can trigger stunning mutations, rather than killing outright.
- 1Overview
- 2Effects on living organisms
Overview
A key product of nuclear fission and nuclear fusion, radiation has been one of the primary hazards in the pre-War world, due to the proliferation of nuclear energy as a compact, cheap source of energy. Ionizing radiation of various types was also used in a variety of medical, scientific, and military applications, and its widespread use led to the development of a variety of countermeasures to protect humans from harm, such as Rad-X or RadAway brand anti-radiation medicine. Another problem was loosening of corporate regulations as the Resource Wars grew in intensity, which led to an increase in illegal dumping in various sites across the United States as a way for corporations such as Mass Fusion to increase their bottom line at the expense of the environment and the society.[1][2][3]
Nuclear fallout
The global thermonuclear war at the terminal end of the Sino-American War transformed ionizing radiation into a very commonplace risk in the wasteland. Radioactive contamination is the chief delayed effect of nuclear weapons, as it results in the creation of radioactive material with half-lives that range from days to millenia. This is due to the nature of nuclear fission used in the bulk of nuclear weapons during the Great War: When atoms fission they can split in some 40 different ways, producing a mix of about 80 different isotopes. These isotopes vary widely in stability; some are completely stable while others undergo radioactive decay with half-lifes of fractions of a second. The decaying isotopes may themselves form stable or unstable daughter isotopes. The mixture thus quickly becomes even more complex, some 300 different isotopes of 36 elements have been identified in fission products. Furthermore, a significant secondary source is neutron capture by non-radioactive isotopes both within the bomb and in the outside environment.[4]
Fission products initially have a very high level of radiation that declines quickly, as short-lived isotopes decay rapidly, emitting intense radiation, with only a fraction of the isotopes continuing to emit radiation over a longer period of time. However as the intensity of radiation drops, so does the rate of decline. A useful rule-of-thumb is the 'rule of sevens'. This rule states that for every seven-fold increase in time following a fission detonation (starting at or after 1 hour), the radiation intensity decreases by a factor of 10. Thus after 7 hours, the residual fission radioactivity declines 90%, to one-tenth its level of 1 hour. After 7*7 hours (49 hours, approx. 2 days), the level drops again by 90%. After 7*2 days (2 weeks) it drops a further 90%; and so on for 14 weeks. The rule is accurate to 25% for the first two weeks, and is accurate to a factor of two for the first six months. After 6 months, the rate of decline becomes much more rapid. The rule of sevens corresponds to an approximate t^-1.2 scaling relationship.[4]
The prevalence of radiation in the post-War world is due to fallout, deposited by nuclear explosions. Fission products and irradiated particulate are lifted into the atmosphere by the rising fireball, and whether they are deposited locally or globally depends on the strength of the explosion and its location. At yields of less than 100 kilotons (kT), the fireball does not reach above the troposphere and remains within precipitation regions. As such, nuclear fallout is usually deposited completely within months at the most. Explosions in the megaton range, however, cause the fireball to reach the stratosphere, and thus elevated fallout is carried globally and will continue to be deposited for months or even years. Although most of the short-lived isotopes will decay by then, such long-lived fallout would remain dangerous for a long time. Furthermore, the closer an explosion happens to the ground, the greater the amount of fallout generated. Nuclear weapons that explode close to the ground (groundbursts) will typically elevate a large amount of dirt and other debris into the atmosphere. As soil is not vaporized, but aerosolized by the explosion, this heavy particulate matter tends to deposit within minutes or days, with downwind contamination spreading it across hundreds or even thousands of kilometers depending on weather patterns. Furthermore, neutron radiation absorbed by the soil contributes a secondary source of radiation.[4]
Although the megaton class weapons have been largely retired by 2077, they were replaced with much smaller yield warheads. The yield of a modern strategic warhead was, with few exceptions, typically in therange of 200-750 kT. This reduction in yield results in a much larger proportion of the fallout being deposited in the lower atmosphere, and a much faster and more intense deposition of fallout than had been assumed previously. As such, the reduction in aggregate strategic arsenal yield that occurred when high yield weapons were retired in favor of more numerous lower yield weapons has actually increased the fallout risk.[4]
After the Great War, most of the radiation has decayed to a level that makes the wastelands habitable for the most part. Notable exceptions include heavily irradiated regions like The Glow and the Glowing Sea, where a combination of nuclear strikes, damage to nuclear facilities, and environmental factors caused the natural radioactive decay rate to be greatly reduced. Such secondary cascade radiation has proven to be especially dangerous at the former West Tek research facility, which was known to overwhelm and kill anyone without the proper precautions.[5] The entire region surrounding the Glow was contaminated, as discovered by a Hub trader who tried to explore the region in 2158, only to perish.[6]
Detection
A wide variety of tools have been created to monitor the presence and intensity of radiation fields. The Wattz Electronics C-Radz Geiger counter is one of the oldest and most reliable methods,[7] with Geiger counters included by default in later models of Pip-Boy personal information processors issued to Vault dwellers.[8] This functionality was intended for use outside Vaults, as the shielded facility effectively protected against radiation exposure beyond standard background levels.[9]
The standard unit of measurement is a rad, short for Radiation Absorbed Dose, equal to 0.01 Joules per kilogram.[10]
Effects on living organisms
Radiation is generally deleterious to living organisms. In humans, exposure to radiation almost invariably causes health complications, with their severity depending on the level of exposure. Symptoms include fatigue, nausea, vomiting, violent hemorrhages, loss of hair, teeth,[6] and skin, gastrointestinal bleeding, bloat, diarrhea, and ultimately, death.[11] Even if treated, radiation exposure can also lead to persistent mutations at a genetic level.[12][13][14] Of course, it can also lead to sterility.[15][16] The threat of radiation exposure is particularly severe among the less well-off members of society, especially in segregated societies like Vault City.[17]
For this reason, anti-radiation medicine has advanced greatly before the Great War, leading to the creation of drugs that can briefly increase a body's resistance to ionizing radiation (Rad-X) and remove it from the body by bonding with irradiated particles (RadAway).[18] Diagnostic equipment such as radscanners was also very common, to the point that even frontier towns like Junktown can count on the local doctor having one.[19] In more advanced societies, humans can count on automated medical treatment with AutoDocs and preventative inoculations that bolster their bodies' innate resistance to radiation.[20]
Some have actually weaponized radiation, to create traps and even handheld weapons. Children of the Atom are notorious for their use of radiation weapons, ranging from improvised pistols to automatic rifles and even grenades.[21]
Radiation-induced mutations
The amount of radiation released during the Great War has led to major changes in the biosphere, on top of the devastating climate changes that followed in the wake of civilization's march to nuclear devastation. Its presence has induced widespread mutations in flora and fauna, leading to the emergence of giant versions of regular species. Radiation-induced mutation is behind many of the staples of post-War United States, such as radscorpions, geckos, spore plants, and brahmin.[22][23]
Some humans may also become mutated by radioactive exposure. Although most will die after exposure, a combination of factors can cause them to become ghouls, humans who resemble walking corpses, but cannot die - and in fact enjoy immunity to the deleterious effects of radiation. A majority of ghouls would be little more than shambling corpses, with a minority retaining their faculties. Even they, however, have a chance to become glowing one or growing feral due to the accumulation of radioactive poisoning.[24] Most mutated lifeforms are similarly immune to radiation, but may become 'glowing' by accumulating exposure, with a distinct green glow accompanying them, together with a radioactive 'cloak' that poisons their surroundings.[25]
Gameplay
Radiation has a varying effect in the games, ranging from being a marginal issue in Fallout and Fallout 2, due to the general lack of high radiation locations (with a number of exceptions) to a much more robust, involved feature in succeeding games. See below for details:
Behind the scenes
- Compared to the real world, radiation is greatly gamified. Nausea and vomiting would appear at around 1000 mSv or 1 Gy (100 Rads). 4000 mSv or 4 Gy (400 Rads) would have a 50% mortality rate within four to six weeks. 6000 mSv or 6 Gy (600 Rads) has a 95% mortality rate within two to four weeks, and 10000 mSv or 10 Gy (1000 Rads) would lead to certain death within two weeks. Naturally, the game abstracts this and kills the player instantly instead.
- A full body dose that would instantly fatal would have to amount to several tens of thousands of rads, as even a 30 000 rad exposure could take 48 hours to kill the victim. Consult Wikipedia for details.
References
- ↑Mass Fusion containment shed
- ↑Mass Fusion disposal site
- ↑Toxic waste dump
- ↑ 4.04.14.24.3Fallout manual
- ↑Tycho: '{154}{}{Watch out for radioactive hot spots. This place obviously sustained a direct nuclear strike, and secondary cascade radiation may be bad. I'd recommend avoiding this place completely if we can.}'
- ↑ 6.06.1Loxley: 'About three years ago, one of the merchants went way down south looking for other towns. He came back all hair and teeth falling out, babbling about some huge span of radiation. Who knows, maybe something special down there before the war.'
- ↑PRO ITEM.MSG (Fallout): '{5201}{}{A Wattz Electronics C-Radz model Geiger Counter. Detects the presence and strength of radiation fields.'
- ↑Pip-Boys in Fallout 3, New Vegas, Fallout 4, and Fallout 76 all include a Geiger counter by default.
- ↑public announcement system: 'Current radiation level - 0 rads, as always.'
- ↑Jacob: 'What do you need a Gieger counter for!? [Laughs] Though it's been 80 years or so since the bombs fell, there's still radiation around, you goof. You can't see it, never could, but it's there. Heck I'm willin' to bet you got some counts on you now. Everyone that lives in the wastes has a few RAD counts.'
- ↑Radiation poisoning messages in Fallout and Fallout 2: '{1000}{}{You feel very nauseous.}
{1001}{}{You feel very nauseous, and after some mild vomiting, slightly fatigued.}
{1002}{}{You are very fatigued, the vomiting does not stop, and your recovery time is impaired.}
{1003}{}{You are hemorrhaging violently. You are very sick, and your hair is falling out.}
{1004}{}{You are hemorrhaging violently and continuously. The vomitus is stained red from your blood. Your skin is falling off of your bones.}
{1005}{}{There is bleeding from your intestines and you have severe diarrhea. You feel bloated and are in intense agony.}
{1006}{}{You have died from radiation sickness.}' - ↑Charles Curling: '{153}{}{Shouldn't I be? Our research on the villagers clearly shows changes to their DNA. It's a natural result of all the background radiation.'
- ↑Fallout 2 endings: 'Over the next few years, the background radiation from Gecko's power plant began to cause mutations in the Vault City population, forcing the Citizens to relocate to NCR.'
- ↑Fallout 76 mutations
- ↑Chosen One to Phyllis: '{252}{}{You know, background radiation might be resulting in sterility or even worse, chromosomal damage. Might be worth checking out.}'
- ↑Myron: '{411}{}{I need some Rad-away before the radiation eats my Gnads-away.}'
- ↑Puking Charlie
- ↑See respective articles for references.
- ↑Morbid: ' I have never seen such readings on my radscanner. I think you are about to die. I give you two to three weeks.'
- ↑Vault City Inoculations
- ↑See respective articles for references.
- ↑Brahmin description: '{101}{}{The brahmin's extra head is probably the result of a regular cow being exposed too soon to radiation.}'
- ↑Vault Dweller: '{145}{}{What do you know about Radscorpions?}'
Razlo: '{153}{}{Not too much. They seem to be extremely large versions of the north American Emperor scorpion. Contrary to my medical knowledge, their poison has grown more potent, not diluted, as I would expect. Seth has been hunting them, which helps some of my tests.}
{154}{}{And how such a large creature can even be possible by natural evolution, or even radiation induced mutation is beyond me.' - ↑See the article for sources.
- ↑Glowing creatures in Fallout 4 and Fallout 76.
Clearing Radioactive Particles from Water
With 4+ reactor meltdowns in Japan, the first one occurring within 5 hours of the Tsunami (covered up, of course), and now it comes out that Plutonium was spilled (exploded) over a decent amount of surface area local to the Fukushima plant, we begin to be concerned with our water supply, as increasing amounts of radioactive Cesium 137 are appearing in our food supplies. Here I write a simple question and answer session on the topic of drinking and household water.
What is the safest water for me and my family?
If you drink bottled water, there are two requirements for optimum health. Do not use bottles of plastic, and DO use glass bottles. One of the best brands is Mountain Valley.
For everyday, saving money, and ease of use, Reverse osmosis is a great start. Then …. Read on….
All experts recommend an under-the sink model by OxygenOzone Inc. out of Los Angeles (oxygenozone.com). A basic water filtration of course you need to use a minimum 5-micron carbon block for the shower or countertop filter, – and if there is a fair amount of dirt or solids in the water, then one needs to use a 5-micron sediment filter before the carbon to protect the carbon block. This can be used for washing the body, brushing teeth or in the kitchen for cleaning fruits and vegetables. Ideally one should install a filter (2-stage sediment carbon or back-flush carbon tank) on the water coming into the house so both hot and cold water through the house is filtered.
IF you are looking for the cleanest high-quality water throughout the house then a whole-house REVERSE OSMOSIS (RO) system is used but this is expensive up front for the cost of equipment plus intallation, and you then use DOUBLE the water in the house as one gallon produced to one gallon down the drain to create the ultra-pure water.
Now the good stuff.
For DRINKING water, I advise ultra-purifying the water with a system that uses carbon, RO and DEIONIZATION resin filter to create the ultra-pure water. This removes radioactive particles (Cesium-137 and Iodine-131 to name the most prevalent ones to start) up to 95% or more. This removes all possible carcinogens (cancer-causing elements) known at this time. The best system I have found not only creates Ultra-Pure water with deionization, but adds back minerals from coral calcium to create a perfect pure water that is biologically compatible due to its equal osmolarity with the fluids inside the body, therefore preventing leaching of minerals such as Selenium from the body, an essential cancer-preventive trace mineral. Cancer patients are low in selenium, since it is a catalyst to the enzyme pathways that help bring a detoxification of free-radicals and aid to the immune system.
OxygenOzone uses a Reverse Osmosis has been used for decades, -if you want the ‘state of the art’ complete under-the-sink system with the additions of Ultraviolet to kill bacteria and virus, and then, the Coral-Calcium trace-mineral filter that actually adds back the essential minerals into the water to create water that is balanced to your body. Warning: Reverse Osmosis contains nearly NO minerals anymore, so when you drink it, it can act as a vacuum and pull essential minerals OUT of your body. I recommend a trace-mineral complex, 2 per day, you can find this at the health food store or at our clinic (Aptos), and contains vital minerals such as Selenium, Zinc, Manganese, Strontium and more.
Can we take showers safely in the regular tap water?
Showers have an added danger that the hot water includes a small discharge of vapor, then can be inhaled, going straight into the lungs and circulatory system. Gases such as Chlorine from chlorinated water are the worst, and radiation-containing water is not really contained yet in high amounts, if at all, in a shower’s vapor. So, for right now and probably in California for as long as we do not have a local incident, showers are ok, but this situation is changing rapidly as more reactors in Fukushima melt down. BUT purchase a 5-micron filter for your shower immediately.
How should we wash our hands?
With the water from the under-the sink RO Deionization combination.
What about brushing our teeth; shampooing hair, washing off your contact lenses, etc.??
With the under-the sink RO Deionization combination (the best, otherwise the carbon filter will help much as long as you do not ingest the water, AND I HIGHLY RECOMMEND you follow the exposure with our clinic-available TRI-Salts, a NON SODIUM Bicarbonate powder mixed in the RO-DI water and swallowed in ½ glass of water before bed. This grabs radioactive elements and takes them out of the body (and does not let them stay).
How about bathing babies?
Best of course is the RO-DI and then heat the water, – as infants AND pregnant women are much more susceptible to radiation damage than anyone else.
What water should I use to cook pasta for my family and other food?
RO-DI
Can I open the windows in my home? How long can I have them open?
Fallout 4 Radiation Damage
Air is not the problem at this point. Check www.fortifyhealth.com (our website) for every-day monitoring of AIR quality/Geiger readings. If the Counts per Minute are above 60, then precautions need to occur. Nevertheless, EVERYONE needs to take Antioxidant Pills EVERY DAY. I recommend the ones we carry in our clinic, by Designs for Health, or New Chapter Antioxidant blend. Dose: 2-3 twice a day.
Fallout 4 Remove Rads
Swimming in outdoor pools?
Fallout 4 Remove Radiation Console
Besides inhalation of chlorine gas being somewhat carcinogenic, after swimming the best is to take a towel and wipe the skin at home using the purified water.
Watering my plants?
How Long Does Nuclear Radiation Last
This remains a problem. Spinach, Kale, Arugula, – greens are susceptible to radiation. Our water, at least most of it unless you are downstream from streams is fairly safe. How safe, results are not out yet.
Soaking beans and other foods that need to be soaked in water?
This should be done in RO-DI.